For Developers

Working on a project where the client has brought in a fractional CTO? Here's what to expect and how to work together successfully.

For Both Development Shops & Individual Developers:

Whether you're an agency, a development shop, or an individual developer - this guide explains what fractional CTO oversight looks like, how it helps everyone, and how to make the partnership successful.

Why Fractional CTO Oversight Actually Helps You

This isn't about catching you doing something wrong. It's about making your job easier and protecting everyone involved.

Clear Requirements

No more "build it and they'll tell me what they wanted afterward." I ensure requirements are clear, documented, and agreed upon before you start coding.

Scope Protection

When the client asks for "one small change" that actually requires rewriting half the architecture, I'm the one who explains why it's out of scope.

Technical Validation

Your architectural decisions get validated by someone who understands them. No more non-technical clients questioning why things take time.

Translation Layer

I translate technical decisions into business terms for the client, and business requirements into clear technical specs for you.

Early Problem Detection

Code reviews catch issues early when they're easy to fix, not after you've built 3 more features on top of a flawed foundation.

Faster Decisions

Technical questions get answered immediately instead of waiting for client meetings. Architecture decisions happen in hours, not weeks.

Think of Me as Your Technical Project Manager on the Client Side

I make sure you have what you need to succeed, protect you from unreasonable demands, and validate your work to someone who understands it.

What the Oversight Process Looks Like

1

Before You Start (Kickoff)

What I do:

  • Review the SOW/contract to ensure technical requirements are clear
  • Discuss quality standards and code review expectations
  • Establish communication channels (Slack, email, whatever works)
  • Set up repository access for code reviews
  • Clarify any ambiguous requirements before you waste time

Time commitment from you: 1-2 hours for kickoff call + repo setup

2

During Development (Weekly Check-ins)

What I do:

  • Code reviews: I review PRs/commits for architecture, security, maintainability
  • Sprint planning input: Technical validation of story points and feasibility
  • Architecture decisions: Available for questions on technical approaches
  • Requirement clarification: When the client asks for something unclear, I translate
  • Scope protection: I push back on unreasonable "quick changes"

Time commitment from you: 30-minute weekly sync + responding to code review comments (usually same day)

Note: I'm not blocking you. You keep working while I review. Comments come as suggestions, not mandates.

3

Before Final Delivery (Quality Gate)

What I do:

  • Final comprehensive code review
  • Security vulnerability scan and assessment
  • Documentation completeness check
  • Performance and maintainability review
  • Create punch list of any critical issues before client signoff

Time commitment from you: 1-2 hours for final walkthrough + addressing any critical findings

Goal: Make sure there are no surprises for the client, and you get paid without issues.

My Code Review Philosophy

What I Care About

  • Security vulnerabilities - Hardcoded credentials, SQL injection, XSS
  • Architecture decisions - Are we building on a solid foundation?
  • Maintainability - Can the client's next developer understand this?
  • Technical debt - Are shortcuts creating future problems?
  • Performance issues - N+1 queries, memory leaks, scalability problems

What I Don't Care About

  • Code style preferences - Tabs vs spaces? Whatever. Just be consistent.
  • Framework choices - If you know React better than Vue, use React.
  • Perfect abstractions - Pragmatic solutions over theoretical purity.
  • My way or the highway - Multiple good solutions exist. I'm checking for bad ones.
  • Nitpicking - If it works and won't cause problems, it's fine.

Code reviews are conversations, not dictates. If you disagree with a suggestion, let's talk about it. You're the expert on your codebase. I'm here to catch things you might have missed and ensure the client's long-term interests are protected.

Common Questions from Development Shops

"Will this slow us down?"

No. Code reviews happen asynchronously - you don't wait for me to approve before continuing. I review your PRs and provide feedback, usually within 24 hours. Critical issues get immediate attention.

What does slow projects down: Building features on flawed architecture, discovering security issues at the end, and scope creep from unclear requirements. I prevent all of those.

"What if we disagree on a technical decision?"

We talk about it. I'm not here to override your expertise - I'm here to provide another perspective and ensure the client's interests are protected.

In 90% of cases, it's a misunderstanding or I'm missing context. In the remaining 10%, we find a solution that works for everyone. If there's genuinely no middle ground, the client decides - but that's extremely rare.

"Do you need access to everything?"

For effective oversight, I need:

  • Repository access: Read access to review code (I don't need write access)
  • Sprint/project visibility: Jira, Asana, whatever you're using
  • Communication: Slack channel or email thread
  • Architecture docs: Any system design documents

I don't need production access, database credentials, or customer data. Just enough visibility to review code and architecture.

"What happens if you find major issues?"

I talk to you first, not the client. If there's a security vulnerability or architectural problem, we discuss:

  • 1. Severity: How critical is this really?
  • 2. Fix timeline: Can this be fixed now, or does it need to be scheduled?
  • 3. Client communication: How do we present this to the client?

My goal is to help you fix issues before they become client-facing problems. I'm not trying to make you look bad - I'm trying to help you deliver quality work.

"What if you determine we're not the right fit for the project?"

I'm not trying to replace you, but sometimes oversight reveals a mismatch - maybe the technology stack is outside your core expertise, the project complexity exceeds current team capabilities, or timeline expectations aren't realistic given the scope.

If I see a genuine capability mismatch, I'll:

  • 1. Talk to you first: Maybe I'm missing context or there's a solution
  • 2. Be specific: "The React Native mobile work is outside your wheelhouse" not vague complaints
  • 3. Suggest options: Bring in a specialist, adjust scope, or if necessary, transition
  • 4. Handle professionally: Protect your reputation while protecting the client's interests

This is rare and usually happens early. Better to discover it in week 2 than month 6. It's not personal - it's about finding the right team for the specific project requirements.

"Does the client see all your feedback?"

No. Day-to-day code review comments are between us. The client gets:

  • Status updates: "Development is on track, code quality is good"
  • Architecture validation: "The proposed approach is sound"
  • Risk flags: If there's a genuine concern that affects timeline/budget

Think of it like this: You're the contractor building the house, I'm the building inspector. The homeowner doesn't need to see every nail I check - they just need to know the house is being built correctly.

"You Audited Our Code and Gave Us an F - Let's Talk About That"

Let's be honest about what happens when an audit finds serious problems.

Sometimes I review a codebase and find issues that go beyond "suggestions for improvement." We're talking about security vulnerabilities that could lead to data breaches, architectural decisions that make the system unmaintainable, or code quality so poor that adding features will cost 3-5x what it should.

If that happens, I'm not going to sugarcoat it. Here's how I handle it:

1. My Client is My Client

Let's be clear: the business owner who hired me is my client, not you. If I find serious problems, they're going to know about them. I'm not going to hide issues or soften findings to protect anyone's feelings.

But I am going to be professional, specific, and fair in how I document and present those findings.

2. I'm Specific, Not Vague

I don't say "the code is bad" or "this won't scale." I document:

  • Specific vulnerabilities: "SQL injection in the user search endpoint" not "security issues"
  • Measurable problems: "43% code duplication, 485K lines for a 50K LOC project" not "too much code"
  • Concrete impact: "$245K/year maintenance cost" not "expensive to maintain"

If you disagree, you have specific points to address, not subjective opinions to argue about.

3. Context Matters

I present findings to the client with appropriate context. If you're building an MVP on a tight budget, I'm not going to criticize it for not being enterprise-grade. If unclear requirements caused problems, I document that.

Issues are presented fairly with the context that led to them.

4. I Separate "Critical" from "Nice to Have"

Not every issue is a deal-breaker:

  • Critical (must fix): Security vulnerabilities, data loss risks, show-stopping bugs
  • Significant (should fix): Architecture problems that will cost money later, maintainability issues
  • Minor (nice to fix): Code style, optimization opportunities, best practice violations

I focus client communication on what actually matters to their business.

5. Options, Not Ultimatums

When there are serious problems, I present options:

  • Option A: Dev shop fixes the critical issues (with timeline and cost estimate)
  • Option B: Bring in specialists to address specific problems (security audit, architecture review)
  • Option C: If issues are too fundamental, discuss transition plan

Option C is rare and usually only happens when technical capabilities don't match project requirements.

6. My Reputation is on the Line Too

I can't overlook serious problems and maintain credibility. If I sign off on insecure code or unmaintainable architecture, that reflects on me.

But I also can't torpedo projects over minor issues or subjective preferences. If I'm too harsh or unreasonable, clients won't hire me again.

My incentive is to be fair and accurate, not to find problems that don't exist or ignore ones that do.

Why Bad Audits Happen

In my experience, harsh audit findings usually come from one of these scenarios:

  • 1. Capability mismatch: Shop took on project with tech stack or complexity beyond their experience
  • 2. Unrealistic timeline: Client demanded impossible deadlines, corners got cut to meet them
  • 3. Unclear requirements: Project scope kept changing, no time to refactor as requirements evolved
  • 4. Budget constraints: Client paid for MVP pricing but expected enterprise-grade quality

This is exactly why oversight from the beginning helps: These problems get identified and addressed early, before they become expensive disasters.

"Better to find out the foundation is cracked during construction than after you've built three more floors on top of it."

— Every building inspector ever

Critical: Infrastructure Control & Vendor Dependency Patterns

One of the most expensive patterns I see repeatedly: clients discover too late that they don't actually control their own infrastructure. This section is for both clients and dev shops - clients need to understand what to require upfront, and professional dev shops should already be following these practices.

The "Hostage Pattern" - Real Example from a Recent Audit

I regularly encounter projects where clients discover they have zero administrative access to their own application infrastructure after significant time and investment. Here's a common pattern of what vendors control vs. what clients actually have:

What the Vendor Controlled:

  • Cloud platform console (administrative access)
  • Production database console
  • CI/CD pipeline
  • Secrets management (all API keys & credentials)
  • Monitoring & application logs
  • Domain/SSL certificates
  • All third-party service accounts

What the Client Had:

  • Read-only repository access
  • Staging environment URL
  • ...that's it

The Cost of Separation:

  • Cooperative separation: 8-10 weeks
  • Adversarial separation: 3-4 months
  • Risk: 2-4 weeks operational disruption
  • Possible data loss if not handled carefully

This wasn't malicious - it's just how many dev shops operate by default. But the client was effectively locked into the vendor relationship with no ability to switch, scale independently, or even troubleshoot their own production issues.

It's Not Always the Vendor - The "Family IT Guy" Risk

I had a client whose family member handled all their IT - capable developer, trusted completely, built their entire system. Then they had a medical emergency and passed away unexpectedly.

The family member had been good at their job. The problem? Zero continuity planning.

  • • All passwords stored in their personal password manager - family couldn't access it
  • • Cloud infrastructure in their personal account - no way to get admin access
  • • Domain registered with their personal email - couldn't recover it
  • • No documentation - system architecture existed only in their head
  • • Critical third-party API keys - whereabouts unknown

The business was locked out of systems that were running their entire operation. We were able to come up with a plan to regain access, but it took time - time the business couldn't afford to waste.

This isn't about trust. This is about business continuity. Whether it's a vendor, a family member, or your most trusted employee - no single person should be able to take your business offline by becoming unavailable.

The saddest part: This person cared about the business and would have set things up properly if they'd known it mattered. No one plans on being hit by a train.

How This Should Work From Day One

The Right Way (What Professional Dev Shops Do):

1. Client-Owned Infrastructure

All cloud resources live in the client's AWS/Azure/GCP account, not the dev shop's.

  • Dev shop gets IAM roles/permissions to deploy and manage
  • Client retains ownership and can revoke access if needed
  • Client pays cloud bills directly - no markup, full transparency
2. Client-Owned Repository

Code lives in the client's GitHub/GitLab organization, not the dev shop's.

  • Dev shop team members are added as collaborators
  • Client can see all commits, branches, and pull requests
  • No "code handoff" needed at project end - client already has it
3. Documented Access & Credentials

Client has administrative access to everything from day one:

  • Cloud console (AWS/Azure/GCP) - Owner/Admin role
  • Database credentials (documented in secure password manager)
  • Domain/DNS control (Cloudflare, Route53, etc.)
  • SSL certificate management
  • CI/CD pipeline access (can see and trigger deployments)
  • Monitoring/logging tools (DataDog, Sentry, etc.)
4. Third-Party Services in Client's Name

All external services registered to the client:

  • Payment processors (Stripe, PayPal) - client's account
  • Email services (SendGrid, Mailgun) - client's account
  • Analytics (Google Analytics, Mixpanel) - client's property
  • APIs (Twilio, OpenAI, etc.) - client's API keys

Dev shop may help set these up, but they should be in the client's name with client's payment method.

Questions to Ask Your Dev Shop (Before Signing)

If you're hiring a dev shop, ask these questions upfront. Professional shops will have clear answers:

❓ "Will the application run in my AWS/Azure/GCP account or yours?"

✓ Good answer: "Yours - we'll need IAM access to set it up and deploy, but you own the infrastructure."

✗ Bad answer: "We host it in our infrastructure for simplicity."

❓ "Will I have admin access to the cloud console, database, and CI/CD pipeline?"

✓ Good answer: "Yes, we'll set up your admin account first, then create our deployment roles."

✗ Bad answer: "You don't need that - we'll handle all deployments and infrastructure."

❓ "Will the code repository be in my GitHub/GitLab organization?"

✓ Good answer: "Yes - we'll have you create the repo and add our team as collaborators."

✗ Bad answer: "We'll keep it in our org during development and transfer it at the end."

❓ "If we part ways, what's involved in me taking over or moving to another vendor?"

✓ Good answer: "Nothing - you already own everything. We'd just remove our access permissions."

✗ Bad answer: "We'd need to migrate everything - probably 4-8 weeks and $X,000."

❓ "Who will own the accounts for third-party services like Stripe, SendGrid, etc.?"

✓ Good answer: "You'll create those accounts with your business email and payment method. We'll help set them up."

✗ Bad answer: "We'll use our existing accounts to keep things simple."

For Development Shops Reading This:

If this section makes you uncomfortable, ask yourself why. Setting up infrastructure in the client's account takes the same amount of time as setting it up in yours. The only difference is who owns it at the end.

Professional dev shops understand: Your value is in your expertise, not in controlling the client's infrastructure. If your business model depends on lock-in, you're not selling services - you're creating hostages.

Good dev shops welcome this conversation because it demonstrates professionalism and protects everyone involved. It's the same reason builders don't own the land they build on.

When Dev Shops Push Back on Oversight

Red Flags

If a dev shop says any of these, be concerned:

  • "Our code is proprietary - we can't show it to anyone"
  • "Code reviews will slow us down too much"
  • "You need to trust us - we're the experts"
  • "We'll add oversight costs to the project"
  • "Our process doesn't allow external reviews"

These are signs of a shop that either has something to hide or doesn't want accountability. Professional dev shops welcome technical oversight.

Green Flags

Professional responses from quality dev shops:

  • "Great - having a technical POC on the client side will help"
  • "Can we set up a kickoff call to align on quality standards?"
  • "Here's our repo - I'll add you with read access"
  • "We already do internal code reviews - external review adds another layer"
  • "Having someone to validate technical decisions will actually speed things up"
  • "We sometimes bring in fractional CTOs ourselves as independent validation for our larger projects"

These responses show a shop that's confident in their work and understands that oversight protects everyone. The best dev shops sometimes retain fractional CTO services themselves.

Ready to Work Together?

If you're a development shop working on a project with fractional CTO oversight, let's start on the right foot.

What to Send Me:

  • 1. SOW/Contract: What's the agreed scope and timeline?
  • 2. Repository link: Where's the code?
  • 3. Architecture docs: Any system design documentation you have
  • 4. Project management access: Jira, Asana, Trello, whatever you use
  • 5. Your availability: For a 1-hour kickoff call

"I've worked with dozens of development shops over the years. The best ones welcome oversight because it makes their job easier and protects their reputation. Let's make this project a success together."

— Jeff Wray, Fractional CTO

First, let's be clear: A fractional CTO is not here to replace you, criticize your work, or threaten your position. We're here to implement best practices, advise our clients on technology strategy, and help everyone succeed.

What Is a Fractional CTO?

A fractional CTO is an experienced technology executive who works with multiple clients part-time, typically because the client:

  • Doesn't have enough work to justify a full-time CTO
  • Needs strategic technology leadership but can't afford $200K-350K/year
  • Wants an experienced advisor to validate decisions and provide oversight
  • Is experiencing challenges with their current development situation

Think of it like a fractional CFO or fractional CMO - senior-level strategic guidance without the full-time commitment.

What to Expect When Working with a Fractional CTO

Professional Accountability Standards

We'll work to establish clear, professional standards that benefit everyone:

  • Code ownership clarity: The client should have full access to their code repositories, credentials, and infrastructure
  • Documentation: Clear documentation helps onboard new team members and ensures knowledge isn't siloed
  • Communication norms: Regular updates, clear project status, and transparent timelines
  • Quality standards: Testing, code review, and deployment processes that protect everyone

These standards aren't about micromanaging you - they're about protecting the business and creating clarity for everyone involved.

Collaborative, Not Combative

Good fractional CTOs don't come in swinging. We approach relationships with developers as partnerships:

  • We ask questions to understand your architecture, decisions, and constraints
  • We share best practices and industry standards gently, explaining the "why"
  • We work with you to implement changes over time, not demand immediate overhauls
  • We recognize you know the codebase better than we do - we're here to provide strategic guidance

Reasonable Timelines

Changes don't happen overnight. A typical engagement looks like:

  • Weeks 1-2: Discovery - understanding the current setup, asking questions, reviewing documentation
  • Weeks 3-4: Assessment - identifying areas for improvement, prioritizing what matters most
  • Weeks 5-8: Collaboration - working together to implement priority improvements gradually
  • Ongoing: Regular check-ins, strategic guidance, and continued refinement

We're not here to disrupt your work or demand everything change immediately. Professional standards are implemented gradually and collaboratively.

Common Concerns Addressed

No. A fractional CTO doesn't write production code - that's your job. We provide strategic guidance, architecture review, and best practice implementation. We're here to make your job easier by providing clear direction, protecting you from scope creep, and ensuring you have the resources you need.

Good fractional CTOs understand that every codebase has technical debt and architectural compromises. We've all made decisions under time pressure or budget constraints.

When we identify areas for improvement, we explain why it matters and work with you to prioritize fixes based on risk and business value. It's not about criticism - it's about continuous improvement.

We'll request access to understand the current state - code repositories, infrastructure, documentation, and credentials that the client owns. This is standard practice and benefits everyone:

  • For the client: They should already have full access to assets they're paying for
  • For you: Clear ownership protects you if the relationship ends
  • For the business: Proper backups and disaster recovery planning

If access is set up properly from the start, this is a quick conversation. If it needs restructuring, we'll work together over a few weeks to transition things properly.

Good! Healthy debate leads to better decisions. A fractional CTO should:

  • Listen to your perspective and understand the context
  • Explain the reasoning behind their recommendation
  • Consider trade-offs and constraints you raise
  • Sometimes change their mind when you make good points

The goal is finding the best solution, not "winning" an argument. If you have valid technical reasons for your approach, a good fractional CTO will hear you out.

Initially, there may be some adjustment as we align on standards and processes. But long-term, good technical leadership actually speeds up development by:

  • Preventing scope creep and feature bloat
  • Making architectural decisions that prevent future rework
  • Protecting your time from unrealistic client expectations
  • Establishing clear priorities so you work on what matters

Think of it like investing time in tests and documentation - feels slower at first, but pays dividends over time.

Red Flags: When a Fractional CTO Isn't Acting Professionally

Most fractional CTOs are professionals, but if you encounter these behaviors, you should raise concerns with the client:

  • Immediate demands without discovery: Making major changes before understanding the current setup
  • Dismissive attitude: Refusing to listen to your explanations or context
  • Public criticism: Criticizing your work in front of the client rather than discussing privately
  • Unrealistic timelines: Demanding complete rewrites or major refactors in days or weeks
  • Going around you: Making technical decisions or changes without consulting you first
  • Threatening your position: Suggesting you should be replaced rather than working to improve

These are not how professional fractional CTOs operate. If you experience this, you're dealing with someone who doesn't understand their role or lacks people skills.

What Success Looks Like

When the relationship works well, developers often find that working with a fractional CTO:

Reduces Stress

Clear priorities, realistic timelines, and someone to shield you from unreasonable client demands.

Improves Quality

Time allocated for proper testing, documentation, and technical debt reduction.

Provides Backup

Someone who understands the technical side when you need to take vacation or handle an emergency.

Offers Learning

Exposure to enterprise patterns, best practices, and strategic thinking you might not see otherwise.

Creates Clarity

Clear ownership, documented processes, and transparent expectations for everyone.

Protects Your Work

Proper version control, backups, and documentation that preserve your contributions.

How to Make This Relationship Work

From the developer's perspective, here's how to get the most value from working with a fractional CTO:

1

Be Open and Transparent

Share context about your decisions, constraints you're working under, and challenges you're facing. The more we understand, the better we can help.

2

Ask Questions

If you don't understand why we're recommending something, ask. Good fractional CTOs should be able to explain the reasoning in a way that makes sense.

3

Speak Up About Concerns

If something doesn't feel right or seems unrealistic, say so. It's better to address concerns early than let them fester.

4

Embrace Professional Standards

Documentation, testing, code review - these things protect you as much as they protect the client. They make your life easier in the long run.

5

See It as Learning

A fractional CTO has likely seen hundreds of codebases and worked with Fortune 500 companies. There's an opportunity to learn enterprise patterns and strategic thinking.

Questions or Concerns?

If you're a developer working with one of my clients and have questions about the process, timeline, or expectations, I'm happy to talk through it directly.

Open communication and mutual respect are the foundation of successful partnerships.

Get in Touch